In 1962, the NASA Art Program was established. Artists, including Norman Rockwell, Robert Rauschenberg, Andy Warhol, Mitchell Jamieson, Paul Calle and Annie Leibovitz were commissioned to record the history of space exploration through the eyes of artists.
In the summer of 1975, Princeton physicist Gerard O’Neill, NASA’s Ames Research Center in Mountain View and Stanford University studied the dream of space colonies, inviting artist to depict the home of the future.
Take a look through 16 gorgeous retro posters for
Visions of the Future, a project and collection created by NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL):
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NASA’s Voyager mission took advantage of a
once-every-175-year alignment of the outer planets for a grand tour of
the solar system. The twin spacecraft revealed details about Jupiter,
Saturn, Uranus and Neptune – using each planet’s gravity to send them on
to the next destination. Voyager set the stage for such ambitious
orbiter missions as Galileo to Jupiter and Cassini to Saturn. Today both
Voyager spacecraft continue to return valuable science from the far
reaches of our solar system. |
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NASA’s Mars Exploration Program seeks to
understand whether Mars was, is, or can be a habitable world. Mission
like Mars Pathfinder, Mars Exploration Rovers, Mars Science Laboratory
and Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter, among many others, have provided
important information in understanding of the habitability of Mars. This
poster imagines a future day when we have achieved our vision of human
exploration of Mars and takes a nostalgic look back at the great
imagined milestones of Mars exploration that will someday be celebrated
as “historic sites.” |
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There’s no place like home. Warm, wet and
with an atmosphere that’s just right, Earth is the only place we know of
with life – and lots of it. JPL’s Earth science missions monitor our
home planet and how it’s changing so it can continue to provide a safe
haven as we reach deeper into the cosmos. |
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The rare science opportunity of planetary
transits has long inspired bold voyages to exotic vantage points –
journeys such as James Cook’s trek to the South Pacific to watch Venus
and Mercury cross the face of the Sun in 1769. Spacecraft now allow us
the luxury to study these cosmic crossings at times of our choosing from
unique locales across our solar system. |
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Ceres is the closest dwarf planet to the Sun.
It is the largest object in the main asteroid belt between Mars and
Jupiter, with an equatorial diameter of about 965 kilometers. After
being studied with telescopes for more than two centuries, Ceres became
the first dwarf planet to be explored by a spacecraft, when NASA’s Dawn
probe arrived in orbit in March 2015. Dawn’s ongoing detailed
observations are revealing intriguing insights into the nature of this
mysterious world of ice and rock. |
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The Jovian cloudscape boasts the most
spectacular light show in the solar system, with northern and southern
lights to dazzle even the most jaded space traveler. Jupiter’s auroras
are hundreds of times more powerful than Earth’s, and they form a
glowing ring around each pole that’s bigger than our home planet.
Revolving outside this auroral oval are the glowing, electric
“footprints” of Jupiter’s three largest moons. NASA’s Juno mission will
observe Jupiter’s auroras from above the polar regions, studying them in
a way never before possible. |
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The discovery of Enceladus’ icy jets and
their role in creating Saturn’s E-ring is one of the top findings of the
Cassini mission to Saturn. Further Cassini mission discoveries revealed
strong evidence of a global ocean and the first signs of potential
hydrothermal activity beyond Earth – making this tiny Saturnian moon one
of the leading locations in the search for possible life beyond Earth. |
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Frigid and alien, yet similar to our own
planet billions of years ago, Saturn’s largest moon, Titan, has a thick
atmosphere, organic-rich chemistry and a surface shaped by rivers and
lakes of liquid ethane and methane. Cold winds sculpt vast regions of
hydrocarbon-rich dunes. There may even be cryovolcanoes of cold liquid
water. NASA’s Cassini orbiter was designed to peer through Titan’s
perpetual haze and unravel the mysteries of this planet-like moon. |
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Astonishing geology and the potential to host
the conditions for simple life make Jupiter’s moon Europa a fascinating
destination for future exploration. Beneath its icy surface, Europa is
believed to conceal a global ocean of salty liquid water twice the
volume of Earth’s oceans. Tugging and flexing from Jupiter’s gravity
generates enough heat to keep the ocean from freezing. On Earth,
wherever we find water, we find life. What will NASA’s Europa mission
find when it heads for this intriguing moon in the 2020s |
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While there is much debate over which
exoplanet discovery is considered the “first,” one stands out from the
rest. In 1995, scientists discovered 51 Pegasi b, forever changing the
way we see the universe and our place in it. The exoplanet is about half
the mass of Jupiter, with a seemingly impossible, star-hugging orbit of
only 4.2 Earth days. Not only was it the first planet confirmed to
orbit a sun-like star, it also ushered in a whole new class of planets
called Hot Jupiters: hot, massive planets orbiting closer to their stars
than Mercury. Today, powerful observatories like NASA’s Kepler space
telescope will continue the hunt of distant planets. |
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Twice as big in volume as the Earth, HD
40307g straddles the line between “Super-Earth” and “mini-Neptune” and
scientists aren’t sure if it has a rocky surface or one that’s buried
beneath thick layers of gas and ice. One thing is certain though: at
eight time the Earth’s mass, its gravitational pull is much, much
stronger. |
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Like Luke Skywalker’s planet “Tatooine” in
Star Wars, Kepler-16b orbits a pair of stars. Depicted here as a
terrestrial planet, Kepler-16b might also be a gas giant like Saturn.
Prospects for life on this unusual world aren’t good, as it has a
temperature similar to that of dry ice. But the discovery indicates that
the movie’s iconic double-sunset is anything but science fiction. |
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Kepler-186f is the first Earth-size planet
discovered in the potentially ‘habitable zone’ around another star,
where liquid water could exist on the planet’s surface. Its star is much
cooler and redder than our Sun. If plant life does exist on a planet
like Kepler-186f, its photosynthesis could have been influenced by the
star’s red-wavelength photons, making for a color palette that’s very
different than the greens on Earth. This discovery was made by Kepler,
NASA’s planet hunting telescope. |
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Discovered in October 2013 using direct
imaging, PSO J318.5-22 belongs to a special class of planets called
rogue, or free-floating, planets. Wandering alone in the galaxy, they do
not orbit a parent star. Not much is known about how these planets come
to exist, but scientists theorize that they may be either failed stars
or planets ejected from very young systems after an encounter with
another planet. These rogue planets glow faintly from the heat of their
formation. Once they cool down, they will be dancing in the dark. |
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Some 40 light-years from Earth, a planet called TRAPPIST-1e offers a heart-stopping view: brilliant objects in a red sky, looming like larger and smaller versions of our own moon. But these are no moons. They are Earth-sized planets in a spectacular planetary system outside our own. These seven rocky worlds huddle around their small, dim, red star, like a family around a campfire. Any of them could harbor liquid water, but the planet shown here, fourth from the TRAPPIST-1 star, is in the habitable zone, the area around the star where liquid water is most likely to be detected. This system was revealed by the TRAnsiting Planets and PlanetesImals Small Telescope (TRAPPIST) and NASA’s Spitzer Space Telescope. The planets are also excellent targets for NASA’s James Webb Space Telescope. Take a planet-hopping excursion through the TRAPPIST-1 system. |
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A global ocean of lava under sparkling, silicate skies
reflecting the lava below: what better choice for an extrreme vacation? Planet
Janssen, or 55 Cancri e, orbits a star called Copernicus only 41 light years
away. The molten surface is completely uninhabitable, but you’ll ride safely
above, taking in breathtaking views: the burning horizon, Janssen’s sister
planet Galileo hanging in a dark sky, and curtains of glowing particles as you
glide across the terminator to Janssen’s dark side. Book your travel now to the
hottest vacation spot in the galaxy, 55 Cancri e.
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