Carriage Pulled by Heilmann Tractor, ca. 1898

Early cars were naturally based on horse-drawn vehicles, but this design takes that philosophy further than most. The horses are here replaced by a 4-wheel tractor unit.

This remarkable vehicle has now been identified as the landau of Grand Duke Alexis of Russia, drawn by a Heilmann electric tractor circa 1898.

Grand Duke Alexis of Russia’s landau being drawn by a Heilmann electric tractor, circa 1898.