Joseph Karl Stieler (1781–1858) was the preeminent court painter to the Bavarian kings and one of the most distinguished portrait artists of the Neoclassical era. He is most famously known for his extraordinary “Gallery of Beauties” (
Schönheitengalerie), a collection of 36 portraits commissioned by King Ludwig I of Bavaria to celebrate the most beautiful women from all social classes in Munich.
Stieler’s work is characterized by a meticulous attention to detail, a smooth, porcelain-like finish on the skin, and an ability to capture the profound inner dignity of his subjects. Beyond royalty and nobility, he produced one of the most iconic and enduring images in history: the 1820 portrait of Ludwig van Beethoven, which remains the definitive visual representation of the composer’s intense and brooding genius.
Stieler’s legacy lies in his unique ability to blend idealized beauty with psychological depth, making him a central figure in European Romantic and Neoclassical art.
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| Family Portrait of the Herzogs, Joseph von Sachsen-Altenburg |
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| A Lady of the Petre Family Playing the Guitar |
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| Alexander von Humboldt |
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| Alexandra Iosifovna |
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| Amalie von Schintling |
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| Amalie von Württemberg |
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| Augusta of Bavaria, Duchess of Leuchtenberg |
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| Caroline Lizius |
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| Caroline, Countess of Holnstein |
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| Charlotte von Hagn |
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| Crescentia, Princess of Oettingen-Wallerstein |
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| Crown Prince Oscar of Sweden |
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| Elisabeth, Freifrau von Oefele |
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| Empress Elisabeth of Austria |
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| Fredrika Dorotea Wilhelmina, Queen of Sweden |
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| Friedrich Wilhelm Joseph von Schelling |
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| Irene, Countess von Arco-Steppberg |
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| Johann Wolfgang von Goethe |
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| Karolina Lizius |
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| Katerina Rosa Botzaris |
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| King Ludwig I in his Coronation Robes |
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| Lady Jane Elizabeth Digby, Daughter of Admiral Henry Digby of Trafalgar |
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| Lady Theresa Spence as Sappho |
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| Lola Montez |
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| Ludwig van Beethoven |
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| Ludwig van Beethoven |
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| Maria Amalia |
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| Marianna Marchesa Florenzi |
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| Marie Anne, Princess of Bavaria |
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| Marie Friederike Franziska Hedwig von Preussen |
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| Marie, Queen of Bavaria |
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| Mathilde von Jordan |
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| Max, Duke of Bavaria, and Duchess Ludovica |
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| Maximilian, Duke of Leuchtenberg |
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| Maximiliane Borzaga |
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| Nanette Heine, née Kaula |
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