Helen Hayes (October 10, 1900 – March 17, 1993) was an American actress. During the 1920s, she established herself as a major Broadway star, transitioning from a rising young talent into one of the most respected leading ladies of the American theatre. Having just turned 20 at the start of the decade, the 1920s became a period of intense professional growth, critical challenges, and major personal milestones for her.
Hayes received her first starring Broadway role playing a flapper in Bab (1920). The show’s success made her the youngest actress to have her name in lights on Broadway. Her sudden ascendancy also prompted a distributor to release The Weavers of Life, the only silent film she made during that era, which had been shelved for three years.
Despite her popularity, early 1920s critics targeted her “shrill voice,” tense stage presence, and poor posture, with one critic dismissing her as merely trying to “get by on her cuteness.” Hayes systematically worked to correct these weaknesses by disciplining her posture and learning how to relax on stage.
Her performance as Maggie Wylie in James Barrie’s play What Every Woman Knows (1926) restored her to the critics’ good graces, solidified her status as a top-tier actress, and became one of her definitive signature roles. Impressed by her depth, producer Jed Harris cast her in the tragic leading role of an aristocratic Southern belle in Coquette (1927), proving her immense range in serious drama alongside light comedy.
In 1928, Hayes married the prominent journalist and playwright Charles MacArthur. Their celebrated union lasted until his death in 1956. Because MacArthur was a divorced Protestant and Hayes was a devout Roman Catholic, the Catholic Church denied her communion for the duration of their marriage.
By the end of the 1920s, Hayes had laid the groundwork that would eventually earn her the title of the “First Lady of the American Theatre” and make her the first woman to win EGOT (an Emmy, a Grammy, an Oscar, and a Tony Award).




































