In the 18th century, childbirth remained a harrowing and often deadly experience. Across Europe, countless women and infants died due to the absence of medical knowledge and skilled care. Against this backdrop, Angélique Marguerite Le Boursier du Coudray emerged as a bold and transformative figure.
Born in 1712, she became one of France’s most respected midwives at a time when few women had access to formal education. But rather than limit her work to private practice, du Coudray made it her mission to train others, aiming to bring safe childbirth techniques to the most underserved corners of the country.
With the support of King Louis XV in 1759, du Coudray embarked on a nationwide campaign to educate rural midwives and surgeons. For over two decades, she traveled from village to village, teaching practical childbirth skills through demonstrations and lectures. Most revolutionary of all was her invention of a life-sized birthing mannequin, crafted from fabric and leather, which allowed students to practice procedures in a realistic yet safe setting. This innovation marked one of the earliest uses of simulation in medical training and dramatically improved the quality of maternal care.
Her influence was both immediate and lasting. Du Coudray’s teachings helped reduce maternal and infant deaths, and her 1773 publication, Abrégé de l’Art des Accouchements, became a foundational text for generations of midwives. Though largely forgotten in popular history, she stands as a pioneer in medical education, a champion of women’s health, and a figure who reshaped childbirth practices with compassion, intellect, and ingenuity.
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| Angélique Marguerite Le Boursier du Coudray |



































