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April 2, 2019

50 Amazing Photos Show What Texas Looked Like in the Late 19th Century

Texas is the second largest state in the United States by both area and population. Located in the South Central region of the country, it shares borders with the U.S. states of Louisiana to the east, Arkansas to the northeast, Oklahoma to the north, New Mexico to the west, and the Mexican states of Chihuahua, Coahuila, Nuevo León, and Tamaulipas to the southwest, while the Gulf of Mexico is to the southeast.

Houston is the most populous city in Texas and the fourth largest in the U.S., while San Antonio is the second-most populous in the state and seventh largest in the U.S. Dallas–Fort Worth and Greater Houston are the fourth and fifth largest metropolitan statistical areas in the country, respectively. Other major cities include Austin, the second-most populous state capital in the U.S., and El Paso.

Texas is nicknamed "The Lone Star State" to signify its former status as an independent republic, and as a reminder of the state's struggle for independence from Mexico. The "Lone Star" can be found on the Texas state flag and on the Texan state seal. The origin of Texas's name is from the word taysha, which means "friends" in the Caddo language.

The photographs and information related to photos from SMU Libraries Digital Collections provide a unique glimpse into the social and domestic history, architecture, transportation, ranching, agriculture, commerce, material culture, costume, and urban and rural history of Texas in the 1880s and 1890s.

Empire Livery & Sale Stable, M. J. Dagnan, Proprietor, Austin, Texas, circa 1880

Courthouse, Lampasas, Texas, circa 1880

Texas State Capitol fire, 1881

Foundation of Capitol Building, Austin, Travis County, Texas, circa 1882

Pierson Hotel, El Paso, Texas, circa 1882-1895

Temporary Capitol, Austin, Travis County, Texas, 1883-1888

Bird's-eye view of San Angelo, Texas, circa 1885

Branding Caldwell in early days, Henrietta, Clay County, Texas, circa 1885

Farm house, San Angelo, Texas, circa 1885

Fort Bliss, El Paso, Texas, 1885

Immigrants going through San Angelo, Texas, circa 1885

Mr. Jacob Hoffman of Troop F, 3rd Cavalry, Fort Hancock, Texas, circa 1885

Skirmish with Indians, Texas, circa 1885

Congress Avenue, Austin, Texas, circa 1888

Family in cotton field outside San Antonio, circa 1889-1892

Comanche Camp, Texas, circa 1890

Missouri, Kansas, and Texas Railway Collision, Texas, circa 1890

Ox cart with storefronts in background, El Paso, Texas, circa 1890

Maverick County Jail Guards, Eagle Pass Rifles, Texas, 1891

A group on riverbank, San Antonio, Bexar County, Texas, circa 1892

Aqueduct at Mission San Juan, San Antonio, Bexar County, Texas, circa 1892

Beautics of San Antonio River. Guenthers Lower Mill, San Antonio, Bexar County, Texas, circa 1892

Beauties of San Antonio River. Mill Dam, San Antonio, Bexar County, Texas, circa 1892

Birdseye View of San Antonio. East of City Hall, San Antonio, Bexar County, Texas, circa 1892

Birdseye View. Houston Street, San Antonio, Bexar County, Texas, circa 1892

Commerce Str., Looking East, San Antonio, Bexar County, Texas, circa 1892

Falls San Antonio River, San Antonio, Bexar County, Texas, circa 1892

Fourth Mission, San Antonio, Bexar County, Texas, circa 1892

Houston Street from Soledad, Looking East, San Antonio, Bexar County, Texas, circa 1892

Mexican Cart and Burro, San Antonio, Bexar County, Texas, circa 1892

Military Plaza. Market, San Antonio, Bexar County, Texas, circa 1892

Military Plaza. Market, San Antonio, Bexar County, Texas, circa 1892

Military Plaza. Market, San Antonio, Bexar County, Texas, circa 1892

Mission Concepcion. 1st Mission, San Antonio, Bexar County, Texas, circa 1892

Mission San Jose. 2nd Mission, San Antonio, Bexar County, Texas, circa 1892

Mission San Juan Capistrano. 3d Mission, San Antonio, Bexar County, Texas, circa 1892

Old aqueduct, San Antonio, Bexar County, Texas, circa 1892

The Ursuline Convent, San Antonio, Bexar County, Texas, circa 1892

U.S. Military Post, San Antonio, Bexar County, Texas, circa 1892.

U.S. Military Post, San Antonio, Bexar County, Texas, circa 1892

U.S. Military Post. Infantry Parade, San Antonio, Bexar County, Texas, circa 1892

View approaching 'Lover's Retreat' 3 miles west from Palo Pinto, Texas, 1892

Wood Market on Military Plaza, San Antonio, Bexar County, Texas, circa 1892

Rise in North Concho, San Angelo, Texas, 1894

Picking cotton, Eden, Texas, 1895

View of charity circus parade from Trust building looking west toward the court house, Dallas, Texas, 1895

View of Olive while snowbound, Texas, February 14, 1895

Lanham mill, Somervell County, Texas, 1896

Methodist Church and Parsonage at Killeen, Texas, 1898

Furniture Room store, Sherman, Texas, 1899



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